Away from the Large Projects, technology R&D has mainly focused on a number of key issues.

Design Area	Issues	Main Contributor
Pellet Injection	A rig has been constructed to demonstrate that sufficiently high velocity pellets can be created and injected from the inboard side of the plasma.	RF (prev. US)
Torus Cryopump (see figure)	An almost full scale model has been constructed and tested to check performance (e.g. regeneration time ~ 5 minutes) and endurance.	EU
Coil Power Supplies	Various circuit breakers (vacuum, thyristor, pyro-) and switches (bypass, make) have been tested to establish their performance and reliability in particular for the CS circuit.	EU & RF
IC Antenna	A prototype of the ITER antenna has been constructed to fit on JET to test design, manufacturing, and performance.	EU
EC Gyrotrons (see figure>)	Prototype 1 MW efficient continuously operating power valves have been built and tested along with high transmission windows on the valves and translmission lines	JA, RF & EU
Neutral Beam Injection	Demonstration of high current density long life maintainable negative ion sources, and demonstration of acceleration to 1 MeV.	EU, JA, RF
Diagnostics	Development and testing of radiation-hard diagnostics, windows and reflectors, construction and test of a wide angle viewing system.	EU, JA, RF
Safety	Validation of accident and deterioration (corrosion, chemical reactivity, dust) analysis codes	EU, JA, RF

Prototype Cryopump (EU)	Prototype Gyrotron (JA)