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You're currently reading the news digest published from 12 December 2022 to 19 December 2022.
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Headlines and a shared ideal

In the very last days of the year 2021, the European JET, the largest of all operating tokamaks, achieved a first-ever sustained, high-confinement plasma and practically doubled its 1997 energy production record. One year later, in the last days or 2022, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the United States passed breakeven—the threshold at which the energy input into the plasma is equal to the energy generated by the fusion reactions. Although JET and NIF differ radically in terms of conception, purpose and technology—one explores magnetic fusion, the other laser-based inertial fusion—their respective achievements caught the world's notice and elevated fusion as a potential long-term energy source. Breakthroughs at JET and NIF were not the only factors in the renewed perception of fusion research: in 2022, private investment in startups large and small reached a record USD 4.8 billion—a 139% increase from the previous year. Success in large public projects and promises by private ventures generated headlines throughout the world. And all eyes were again focused on ITER, the industrial-size project towards which most fusion research worldwide converges. This year at ITER was a year of change, of progress and of considerable technical and industrial challenges. It was also a year marked by the loss of Bernard Bigot, who had headed ITER since 2015 and who passed away on 14 May at the age of 72. A few days earlier, on 11-12 May, the ITER assembly team had succeeded at one of the most spectacular and complex operations in the machine assembly sequence: the installation of the first of nine required "vacuum vessel modules" inside the Tokamak pit. On 11-12 May, the ITER assembly team succeeded at one of the most spectacular and complex operations in the machine assembly sequence: the installation of the first of nine required "vacuum vessel modules" inside the Tokamak pit. Positioning this mammoth component, as tall as a five-storey building and as heavy as three fully loaded Airbus A380s, was an extraordinary feat of handling and coordination. The biggest challenge, however, was yet to come. When cracks were discovered in the cooling circuits of thermal shield panels similar to those already inside the installed module, ITER, for the first time since the assembly sequence was launched in 2020, faced a serious issue. ITER is one of the largest scientific ventures of all time. But it is also a massive industrial and human endeavour, and the issues encountered in 2022 came as a brutal reminder of this dual nature. Faced with the thermal shield issue and another technical setback stemming from dimensional non-conformities on the edges ("bevel joints") of the vacuum vessel sectors, ITER did what any industry does on a regular basis: it brought together experts to explore repair options, to analyze the impact on cost and schedule, and to assess different options for action. For ITER Director-General Pietro Barabaschi, appointed by the ITER Council in September to succeed Bernard Bigot, this was nothing too out of the ordinary: as the former head of the Europe-Japan JT-60SA collaboration, he was familiar with the difficulties that building a tokamak entails. A 3,500-square-metre, three-storey structure that will be home to 60 to 80 operators, engineers and researchers, the Control Building is among the new constructions that rose from the ground in 2022. Machine assembly is but one aspect of ITER construction. Project progress relies on a series of parallel activities—some  highly visible, others barely noticeable. As new buildings rose from the ground and new structures were erected, an urban, almost futuristic touch was added to the already spectacular landscape of the ITER installation. In the Cryostat Workshop, the last section of the ITER cryostat—the 665-tonne top lid—was finalized in March, marking the completion of a yearslong industrial venture. After seven years of faithful service, the winding table in the European poloidal field coil winding facility was dismantled following the completion of the last of 30 double pancakes produced. With one ring-shaped coil (PF5) installed in September 2021, and a second (PF2) placed in storage in January 2022, work is now underway on the final two coils (both 24 metres in diameter), with expected completion dates of mid-2023 (PF4) and mid-2024 (PF3) respectively. In 2022, the ITER Members shipped a total of seven Highly Exceptional Loads (HEL)—one vacuum vessel sector, one poloidal field coil and five toroidal field coils. "Conventional Exceptional Loads"—or loads that do not exceed 5 metres in height or width and weigh less than 60 tonnes—accounted for another 34 deliveries, while conventional heavy truck loads numbered an additional 111. In the ITER plant buildings, less visible pre-commissioning activities were initiated for electrical power, AC/DC conversion, cryogenics, and heat rejection. Progressively, throughout the 42-hectare ITER platform, systems are beginning to hum and actuators to click, water and cooling fluids are circulating through piping and valves, and computers are trading data as the first subsets of the scientific installation's extensive industrial infrastructure are slowly coming to life. On the right side of the Tokamak Complex, near the yellow telescopic crane, the first of 13 steel frames (15 to 25 metres tall) for the Neutral Beam High Voltage Building were bolted to the concrete slab in early November. Running alongside the Tokamak Complex, the building will extend 84 metres in length and 28 metres in width. Life also returned to the ITER Council chamber where, following two years of Covid-imposed remote sessions, Member delegates were able to meet again in person. The lifting of restrictions allowed the flow of public visits to resume as well, particularly during the three Open Doors Days that were organized in June, September and November.    Many VIPs toured the installation in 2022: Mohammad Sanusi Barkindo, Secretary General of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), who visited ITER shortly before his sudden passing, said that the size and complexity of what he saw left him "speechless." Ban Ki Moon, in July, sensed in ITER "a spirit" of nations working together for a common goal similar to the one he had experienced during his nine-year tenure as General Secretary of the United Nations. Gabriela Hearst, Creative Director of the Chloé fashion house and a passionate fusion advocate, considered her visit to ITER in May as both a privilege and "probably one of the most fulfilling days of [her] professional career." In a difficult international context, ITER remained true to its founding ideal—the unique, almost utopian notion that nations could work together in harmony "for the benefit of all mankind." For this reason more than for any other, the year 2022 will be worth remembering. Click here to access the ITER Season's Greetings video card.
Press

MIT scientists contribute to National Ignition Facility fusion milestone

https://news.mit.edu/2022/mit-scientists-contribute-fusion-milestone-1219

Europe to start manufacturing a series of divertor inner vertical targets

https://fusionforenergy.europa.eu/news/europe-to-start-manufacturing-a-series-of-inner-vertical-targets/

Is This the 'Kitty Hawk Moment' for Fusion Energy?

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2022/12/department-of-energy-nuclear-fusion-breakthrough-nif-livermore/672439/

Fusion nucléaire : tout savoir sur cette découverte qu'on dit révolutionnaire

https://www.rtl.fr/culture/culture-generale/fusion-nucleaire-tout-savoir-sur-cette-decouverte-qu-on-dit-revolutionnaire-7900215304

What you really need to know about that fusion news

https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/12/15/1065032/what-you-really-need-to-know-about-that-fusion-news/

A fusão nuclear pode ajudar no combate ao aquecimento global?

https://g1.globo.com/ciencia/noticia/2022/12/15/a-fusao-nuclear-pode-ajudar-no-combate-ao-aquecimento-global.ghtml

Scientific 'triumph': Companies eye nuclear fusion breakthrough for clean energy opportunities

https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/energy-environment/scientific-triumph-companies-eye-nuclear-fusion-breakthrough-for-clean-energy-opportunities

Nuclear fusion: from science fiction to 'when, not if' (paywall)

https://www.ft.com/content/65e8f125-5985-4aa8-a027-0c9769e764ad

A plasma physicist explains what's next after this week's nuclear fusion breakthrough

https://www.theverge.com/2022/12/15/23510819/nuclear-fusion-ignition-breakthrough-physicist-tammy-ma

Wann kommt das Fusionskraftwerk?

https://www.derstandard.de/story/2000141815789/wann-kommt-das-fusionskraftwerk?ref=rss

Can Fusion Solve the Climate Crisis?

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/13/climate/fusion-climate-change.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share&referringSource=articleShare

The Significance of the Achievement of Scientific Energy Gain at the National Ignition Facility

https://arpa-e.energy.gov/news-and-media/blog-posts/significance-achievement-scientific-energy-gain-national-ignition

Nuclear fusion: how scientists can turn latest breakthrough into a new clean power source

https://theconversation.com/nuclear-fusion-how-scientists-can-turn-latest-breakthrough-into-a-new-clean-power-source-196446

El ITER, la alternativa europea al 'Santo Grial' de la energía limpia estadounidense en la que España juega un papel fundamental

https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/5084784/0/iter-alternativa-europea-conseguir-energia-limpia-ilimitada-espana-destacado/

Sky Tg24 Timeline, Gli Usa annunciano la fusione controllata (video)

https://video.sky.it/news/mondo/video/sky-tg24-timeline-gli-usa-annunciano-la-fusione-controllata-798807

核融合実験"投入分"上回るエネルギー発生に成功 米エネルギー省が発表

https://news.ntv.co.jp/category/international/ed54fd7239ed407a9c142550c46df7ac

U.S. announces milestone on fusion energy, sparking hopes for clean power

https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/12/13/fusion-energy-biden-climate/

National Ignition Facility achieves fusion ignition

https://www.llnl.gov/news/national-ignition-facility-achieves-fusion-ignition

Hold the Nuclear Fusion Hype

https://www.wsj.com/articles/hold-the-nuclear-fusion-hype-lawrence-livermore-national-laboratory-energy-research-jennifer-granholm-11670961420

Voor het eerst levert kernfusie meer energie op dan erin gaat

https://www.deingenieur.nl/artikel/voor-het-eerst-levert-kernfusie-meer-energie-op-dan-erin-gaat

France's Iter project on nuclear fusion may hold key to sustainability

https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/frances-iter-project-on-nuclear-fusion-may-hold-key-to-sustainability-9cs9r05pz

WEST pionnier dans la « FAIRisation » de ses données

https://irfm.cea.fr/Phocea/Vie_des_labos/Ast/ast.php?t=fait_marquant&id_ast=882

The US achieved a major nuclear fusion breakthrough. Here's why fusion power is still decades away

https://phys.org/news/2022-12-major-nuclear-fusion-breakthrough-power.html

Des plasmas pour Noël

https://irfm.cea.fr/Phocea/Vie_des_labos/News/index.php?id_news=1832

US National Ignition Facility achieve fusion ignition

https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsus-national-ignition-facility-achieve-fusion-ignition-10439194

Preguntes i respostes de l'avenç en fusió nuclear que apropa l'"energia neta en abundància"

https://www.ccma.cat/324/preguntes-i-respostes-de-lavenc-en-fusio-nuclear-que-apropa-lenergia-neta-en-abundancia/noticia/3201566/

核融合、新興に6000億円流入 ビル・ゲイツ氏ら投資

https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOGN140X10U2A211C2000000/

Fusion Power Is Possible in Next Decade, Former US Energy Chief Says

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-12-15/fusion-power-possible-in-next-decade-obama-s-energy-chief-says?leadSource=uverify%20wall

「地上の太陽」実用化へ一歩 米、核融合でエネルギー純増 脱炭素発電に期待

https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGKKZO66843390V11C22A2EA2000/

Conversation advancing in U.S. on fusion energy regulation

https://www.ans.org/news/article-4581/conversation-advancing-in-us-on-fusion-energy-regulation/

Congratulations to LLNL

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/congratulations-to-llnl

Energie : les Etats-Unis annoncent une percée historique dans la fusion nucléaire

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/sciences/les-etats-unis-annoncent-une-percee-historique-dans-la-fusion-nucleaire_5543628.html

The U.S. Nuclear Fusion Breakthrough Is a Huge Milestone—But Unlimited Clean Energy Is Still Decades Off

https://time.com/6240746/nuclear-fusion-breakthrough-milestone-clean-energy/

EEUU logra un hito en la fusión nuclear para crear energía limpia y barata

https://www.elmundo.es/ciencia-y-salud/medio-ambiente/2022/12/12/6396ed52e4d4d8245a8b4598.html

With historic explosion, a long sought fusion breakthrough

https://www.science.org/content/article/historic-explosion-long-sought-fusion-breakthrough?cookieSet=1

What to know about DOE's fusion 'breakthrough'

https://www.eenews.net/articles/what-to-know-about-does-fusion-breakthrough/

Nuclear fusion breakthrough with 'scientific energy breakeven'

https://www.powerengineeringint.com/nuclear/nuclear-fusion-breakthrough-with-scientific-energy-breakeven/

After 'breakthrough,' DOE eyes fusion power plant

https://www.eenews.net/articles/after-breakthrough-doe-eyes-fusion-power-plant/

Nuclear fusion researchers have achieved historic energy milestone

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2350965-nuclear-fusion-researchers-have-achieved-historic-energy-milestone/

Tout comprendre : Pourquoi la fusion nucléaire suscite l'enthousiasme de la communauté scientifique ?

https://www.bfmtv.com/economie/entreprises/energie/tout-comprendre-pourquoi-la-fusion-nucleaire-suscite-l-enthousiasme-de-la-communaute-scientifique_AD-202212130412.html

KSTAR, 1억℃ 30초 유지 '세계 1위'...美와 인공태양 패권 다툰다

https://n.news.naver.com/mnews/article/011/0004133576

Nuclear-fusion lab achieves 'ignition': what does it mean?

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-04440-7

Nuclear fusion reactor 'breakthrough' is significant, but light-years away from being useful

https://www.livescience.com/fusion-ignition-scientists-skeptical-explained

EXPLAINER: Why fusion could be a clean-energy breakthrough

https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2022/dec/13/explainer-why-fusion-could-be-a-clean-energy-breakthrough-2527784.html

What to know about DOE's fusion 'breakthrough'

https://www.politico.com/news/2022/12/13/fusion-breakthrough-doe-energy-00073631

Fusion Energy Breakthrough: FIA applauds scientists for record fusion results

https://www.fusionindustryassociation.org/post/fusion-energy-breakthrough-fia-applauds-scientists-for-record-fusion-results

What is nuclear fusion?

https://thehill.com/changing-america/sustainability/energy/3772101-what-is-nuclear-fusion/

Nuclear fusion: Has there been a breakthrough and what will it mean?

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2350921-nuclear-fusion-has-there-been-a-breakthrough-and-what-will-it-mean/

Poloidal Field coils team wins 2022 first-of-a-kind component award

https://fusionforenergy.europa.eu/news/poloidal-field-coils-team-wins-2022-first-of-a-kind-component-award/

Why nuclear fusion is so exciting

https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/why-nuclear-fusion-is-so-exciting/

Scientists Produce Nuclear Fusion Breakthrough (video)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5sCxdD4ZoWs

Fusion energy breakthrough by US scientists boosts clean power hopes

https://www.ft.com/content/4b6f0fab-66ef-4e33-adec-cfc345589dc7

US announces fusion energy success 'that could revolutionize the world'

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2022/dec/13/biden-marriage-act-nuclear-fusion-energy-politics-live

Fusions-Branchentreffen von Forschung und Industrie in Garching mit Premierenauftritt zweier Start-up-Initiativen

https://www.ipp.mpg.de/5293556/Forum_Fusion_2022

Determining Nuclear Fusion's Future

https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/determining-nuclear-fusions-future

What is nuclear fusion and what have scientists achieved?

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/dec/13/what-is-nuclear-fusion-what-have-scientists-achieved-ignition

Fusion meeting of research and industry in Garching with premiere appearance of two start-up initiatives

https://www.ipp.mpg.de/5293570/Forum_Fusion_2022?c=14226

US officials announce nuclear fusion breakthrough

https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/nuclear-fusion-reaction-us-announcement-12-13-22/index.html

DOE National Laboratory Makes History by Achieving Fusion Ignition

https://www.energy.gov/articles/doe-national-laboratory-makes-history-achieving-fusion-ignition

Controlled fusion is little nearer now than it was a week ago

https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2022/12/13/controlled-fusion-is-little-nearer-now-than-it-was-a-week-ago

Fusion nucléaire : la recherche américaine privée et publique en plein sursaut

https://www.lesechos.fr/industrie-services/energie-environnement/fusion-nucleaire-la-recherche-americaine-privee-et-publique-en-plein-sursaut-1888551

Understanding the Breakthrough in Nuclear Fusion Energy and the Challenges Ahead

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-12-12/understanding-the-breakthrough-in-fusion-energy-and-the-challenges-ahead

U.S. to Announce Nuclear-Fusion Energy Breakthrough

https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-to-announce-nuclear-fusion-energy-breakthrough-11670881298

Fusion Breakeven Is a Science Breakthrough

https://thebreakthrough.org/issues/energy/fusion-breakeven-is-a-science-breakthrough

Les États-Unis vont annoncer «une avancée scientifique majeure» dans la fusion nucléaire

https://www.lefigaro.fr/sciences/les-etats-unis-vont-annoncer-une-avancee-scientifique-majeure-dans-la-fusion-nucleaire-20221212

Breakthrough in nuclear fusion energy announced

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-63950962

Major Fusion Energy Breakthrough to Be Announced by Scientists

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/12/science/nuclear-fusion-energy-breakthrough.html

U.S. to reveal scientific milestone on fusion energy

https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-announce-scientific-breakthrough-fusion-energy-sources-2022-12-12/

Fusione nucleare, Barabaschi: "Un passo nel futuro dei nostri figli" (paywall)

https://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2022/12/13/news/fusione_nucleare_barabaschi-378764055/